Development of the vertebrate skeleton, a complex biological event that includes diverse
processes such as formation of mesenchymal condensations at the sites of future skeletal …

Hedgehog (HH) signalling is involved in the development of numerous embryonic tissues. In
humans, germline mutations in hedgehog pathway components cause congenital …

The Xenopus tadpole is able to regenerate its tail, including skin, muscle, notochord, spinal
cord and neurons and blood vessels. This process requires rapid tissue growth and …

The production of mature functional T cells in the thymus requires signals from the thymic
epithelium. Here, we review recent experiments showing that one way in which the …

During CNS development, the proliferation of progenitors must be coordinated with the
pattern of neuronal subtype generation. In the ventral neural tube, Sonic hedgehog acts as a …

While prior work has established that articular cartilage arises from Prg4-expressing
perichondrial cells, it is not clear how this process is specifically restricted to the …

Inactivation of Gli3, a key component of Hedgehog signaling in vertebrates, results in
formation of additional digits (polydactyly) during limb bud development. The analysis of …

Cell death and cell proliferation are basic cellular processes that need to be precisely
controlled during embryonic development. The developing vertebrate limb illustrates …

Craniofacial malformations are common structural birth defects and usually associate with
abnormal development of pharyngeal arches. Although some microRNAs have been found …

Foxg1 is required for development of the ventral telencephalon in the embryonic mammalian
forebrain. Although one existing hypothesis suggests that failed ventral telencephalic …