Lenses with tunable focal length play important roles in nature by helping species avoid
predators and capture prey. Many practical devices mimic lens concept for imaging, sensing …

Tunable liquid lenses with controllable focal length attract much attention from many
researchers due to the unique advantages of strong adjustability, low power consumption …

Shaping the flow of light at the nanoscale has been a grand challenge for nanophotonics
over decades. It is now widely recognized that metasurfaces represent a chip-scale …

Vision is crucial for intelligent machines to detect and interact with their environments.
However, conventional artificial vision systems (AVS) are hindered by several limitations …

A four-mode 2D/3D switchable display using a 1D/2D convertible liquid crystal (LC) lens
array is proposed in this paper. The LC lens array is composed of two orthogonal LC lens …

An electrically tunable-focusing and polarizer-free liquid crystal (LC) lens for ophthalmic
applications is demonstrated. The optical mechanism of a LC lens used in human eye …

Focus-tunable lenses are indispensable to optical systems. This paper proposes an
electrically modulated varifocal metalens combined with twisted nematic liquid crystals. In …

Tunable optical lenses are in great demand in modern technologies ranging from
augmented and virtual reality to sensing and detection. In this work, electrically tunable …

This paper presents the simulated performance assessment of an artificial iris embedded on
a scleral contact lens using real data from an aniridia patient. The artificial iris is based on …

Recent advances in automated cell counters enable us to count cells more easily with
consistency. However, the wide use of the traditional vital dye trypan blue (TB) raises …