Tumor suppressor genes cooperate with each other in tumors. Three important tumor
suppressor proteins, retinoblastoma (Rb), p53, phosphatase, and tensin homolog deleted …

The ubiquitylation of proteins is carried out by E1, E2 and E3 (ubiquitin ligase) enzymes, and
targets them for degradation or for other cellular fates. The HECT enzymes, including Nedd4 …

INTRODUCTION Inhibition of oncogenic proteins represents a mainstay approach for cancer
therapeutic development. By contrast, pharmacological modulation of tumor suppressor …

The p53 tumor suppressor protein has well-established roles in monitoring various types of
stress signals by activating specific transcriptional targets that control cell cycle arrest and …

The androgen receptor (AR) is a key regulator of prostate growth and the principal drug
target for the treatment of prostate cancer. Previous studies have mapped AR targets and …

The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays an important role in neoplastic development.
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are critically involved in tumorigenesis by modulation of …

The involvement of the homologous to E6-AP carboxyl terminus (HECT)-type E3s in crucial
signaling pathways implicated in tumorigenesis is presently an area of intense research and …

ABSTRACT Homologous to E6AP C-terminus (HECT) E3 ubiquitin ligases play a critical role
in various cellular pathways, including but not limited to protein trafficking, subcellular …

Ubiquitination serves as a degradation mechanism of proteins, but is involved in additional
cellular processes such as activation of NFκB inflammatory response and DNA damage …

Members of the transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) family, including TGF‐β, activin and
bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), are multifunctional proteins that regulate a wide …