Biocatalysis, using enzymes for organic synthesis, has emerged as powerful tool for the
synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). The first industrial biocatalytic …

Fossil based resources are a major contributor to energy and chemicals to modern-day
development. The negative environmental impacts of fossil-based resources accompanied …

The excessive demand for fossil fuels has caused severe environmental impacts, such as
GHG-related effects and widespread pollution. Firstly, it is essential to identify the main …

Enzymes are biocatalysts that speed up the chemical reaction to obtain the final valuable
product/s. Biotechnology has revolutionized the use of traditional enzymes to be applicable …

Due to the depletion of fossil fuels, higher oil prices, and greenhouse gas emissions, the
scientific community has been conducting an ongoing search for viable renewable …

The two main strategies for enzyme engineering, directed evolution and rational design,
have found widespread applications in improving the intrinsic activities of proteins. Although …

In vitro enzyme cascades possess great benefits, such as their synthetic capabilities for
complex molecules, no need for intermediate isolation, and the shift of unfavorable equilibria …

Conventional methods of extracting bioactive molecules are gradually losing pace due to
their numerous disadvantages, such as product degradation, lower efficiency, and toxicity …

The depletion of fossil resources and the resulting global warming are the primary
motivators for moving from a fossil‐based to a biobased economy. Biorefineries, like petro …

Extremophiles are remarkable organisms that thrive in the harshest environments on Earth,
such as hydrothermal vents, hypersaline lakes and pools, alkaline soda lakes, deserts, cold …