The IL-1 family of cytokines are well-known for their primary role in initiating inflammatory
responses both in response to and acting as danger signals. It has long been established …

Inflammation underpins and contributes to the pathogenesis of many retinal degenerative
diseases. The recruitment and activation of both resident microglia and recruited …

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a degenerative disease in the central macula
area of the neuroretina and the supporting retinal pigment epithelium, is the most common …

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most common cause of blindness among
the elderly in the developed world. While treatment is effective for the neovascular or “wet” …

Retinal and choroidal neovascularization are a major cause of significant visual impairment,
worldwide. Understanding the various factors involved in the accompanying …

The eye is an immune privileged tissue that insulates the visual system from local and
systemic immune provocation to preserve homeostatic functions of highly specialized retinal …

Vascular adhesion molecules play an important role in various immunological disorders,
particularly in cancers. However, little is known regarding the role of these adhesion …

Retinal inflammation underlies multiple prevalent retinal diseases. While microglia are one
of the most studied cell types regarding retinal inflammation, growing evidence shows that …

Age-related macular degeneration, the leading cause of irreversible visual loss among older
adults in developed countries, is a chronic, multifactorial, and progressive disease with the …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is characterised by dysfunction of the retinal neurovascular unit,
leading to visual impairment and blindness. Müller cells are key components of the retinal …