The green vehicle routing problem (GVRP) has been a prominent topic in the literature on
logistics and transportation, leading to extensive research and previous review studies …

This paper studies a time-dependent green vehicle routing problem (TDGVRP) with the
consideration of traffic congestion. In this work, the objective is to design the vehicle …

This study addresses the challenges of the electric vehicle routing problem with time
windows, backup batteries, and battery swapping stations (EVRPTW-BB-BSS), reflecting …

The vehicle routing problem (VRP), an NP-hard problem of considerable complexity,
pertains to the determination of optimal sequences of customer visits in an effort to minimize …

This article proposes a hybrid genetic search for the traveling salesman problem
considering a hybrid electric vehicle and time windows. The developed approach includes a …

This paper presents a two-echelon vehicle routing problem (2E-VRP) with vehicle
synchronization at meeting points for the reverse logistic network to collect waste in the …

Battery is a critical component of an electric vehicle (EV) due to its limited useful economic
life and high cost. Good recharging and discharging practices through coordinated and …

As environmental awareness continues to grow and government policies provide incentives,
electric vehicles (EVs) are becoming more widely used in logistics distribution. Considering …

To ensure the safety of fresh food, the cold chain logistics is widely utilised, which can
provide a low temperature environment. However, due to the high energy consumption, how …

The continued air traffic growth leads to more fuel consumption for the total aviation
operation. Studying how to achieve energy-saving operations through a more reasonable …