Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a complex condition requiring holistic management with multiple
treatment decisions about optimal thromboprophylaxis, symptom control (and prevention of …

Triggers propagating into atrial myocardium may initiate reentering wavelets if the
wavelength is sufficiently short. Wavelength shortening can occur even in normal atria if the …

The present guidelines are a revision of the 2008 version of Guidelines for
Pharmacotherapy of Atrial Fibrillation, 1 which were originally published in 2001, 2 and …

Objectives: This study was designed to compare two treatment strategies in patients with
atrial fibrillation (AF): rhythm-control (restoration and maintenance of sinus rhythm) and rate …

OBJECTIVES The primary objective of the present study was to assess the efficacy of
metoprolol CR/XL to reduce the risk of relapse after cardioversion of persistent atrial …

Background—Sustained shortening of the atrial effective refractory period (AERP), probably
due to reduction in the L-type calcium current, is a major factor in the initiation and …

Background Although previous clinical trials demonstrated the non-inferiority of a rate
control to rhythm control strategy for management of atrial fibrillation (AF), the optimal …

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained arrhythmia. Both the incidence and
prevalence of AF are increasing, and the burden of AF is becoming huge. Many innovative …

OBJECTIVES Our purpose was to determine whether patients with persistent atrial
fibrillation (AF) and patients with paroxysmal AF show alterations in potassium channel …

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the subject of several overlapping schemes of classification in which
the subgroups are often poorly defined. New methods of classification have been applied to …