Abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2, continues to cause substantial morbidity …

SARS-CoV-2 infection is benign in most individuals but, in around 10% of cases, it triggers
hypoxaemic COVID-19 pneumonia, which leads to critical illness in around 3% of cases …

The genetic make-up of an individual contributes to the susceptibility and response to viral
infection. Although environmental, clinical and social factors have a role in the chance of …

Human genetics can inform the biology and epidemiology of coronavirus disease 2019
(COVID-19) by pinpointing causal mechanisms that explain why some individuals become …

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2
(SARS-CoV-2) poses an unprecedented challenge to humanity. SARS-CoV-2 infections …

SARS-CoV-2 infections mostly lead to mild or even asymptomatic infections in children, but
the reasons for this are not fully understood. More efficient local tissue responses, better …

The clinical course and outcome of COVID-19 are highly variable, ranging from
asymptomatic infections to severe disease and death. Understanding the risk factors of …

Critical COVID-19 is caused by immune-mediated inflammatory lung injury. Host genetic
variation influences the development of illness requiring critical care or hospitalization,–after …

Type I interferons (IFN-I) are critical mediators of innate control of viral infections but also
drive the recruitment of inflammatory cells to sites of infection, a key feature of severe …

The innate immune system serves as the first line of defense against invading pathogens;
however, dysregulated innate immune responses can induce aberrant inflammation that is …