Recent years have witnessed the emergence of powerful new tools for assaying the brain
and a remarkable acceleration of research focused on the interplay of emotion and …

The paper focuses on the biology of stress and resilience and their biomarkers in humans
from the system science perspective. A stressor pushes the physiological system away from …

Pain is a primary symptom driving patients to seek physical therapy, and its attenuation
commonly defines a successful outcome. A large body of evidence is dedicated to …

The locus coeruleus (LC) supplies norepinephrine (NE) to the entire forebrain and regulates
many fundamental brain functions. Studies in humans have suggested that strong LC …

The brain's response to stress is a matter of extensive neurocognitive research in an attempt
to unravel the mechanistic underpinnings of neural adaptation. In line with the broadly …

Whereas the link between psychosocial stress and health complications has long been
established, the influence of psychosocial stress on brain activity is not yet completely …

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) increase the likelihood of reduced physical and
psychological health in adulthood. Though understanding and psychological management …

Although brain plasticity is greatest in the first few years of life, the brain continues to be
shaped by experience throughout adulthood. Advances in fMRI have enabled us to examine …

Background Prolonged activation of the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal system is thought
to have deleterious effects on brain function. Neuroendocrine studies suggest that brain …

Glucocorticoids (GCs) are secreted in an ultradian, pulsatile pattern that emerges from
delays in the feedforward-feedback interaction between the anterior pituitary and adrenal …