Simple Summary Radiotherapy with carbon ions has been used for over 20 years in Asia
and Europe and is now planned in the USA. The physics advantages of carbon ions …

The original rationale for proton therapy was its highly conformal depth‐dose distributions
compared to photons, which allow greater sparing of normal tissues and escalation of tumor …

The treatment of cancer with proton radiation therapy was first suggested in 1946 followed
by the first treatments in the 1950s. As of 2020, almost 200 000 patients have been treated …

Helium ion beam therapy for the treatment of cancer was one of several developed and
studied particle treatments in the 1950s, leading to clinical trials beginning in 1975 at the …

Abstract Linear Energy Transfer (LET) is widely used to express the radiation quality of ion
beams, when characterizing the biological effectiveness. However, averaged LET may be …

Particle therapy using protons or heavier ions is currently the most advanced form of
radiotherapy and offers new opportunities for improving cancer care and research. Ions …

Purpose Dosimetric studies show that proton therapy can reduce the low/intermediate
radiation dose to uninvolved tissue in children with low-grade glioma (LGG). For this reason …

Purpose To investigate if radiographic imaging changes defined as necrosis correlate with
regions in the brain with elevated linear energy transfer (LET) for proton radiation therapy …

Although rare, craniopharyngiomas constitute up to 80% of tumours in the hypothalamic–
pituitary region in childhood. Despite being benign, the close proximity of these tumours to …

Precision radiotherapy, which accurately delivers the dose on a tumor and confers little or no
irradiation to the surrounding normal tissue and organs, results in maximum tumor control …