Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) technique is used to convert lignocellulosic biomass into
carbon-rich solid fuel. The product, hydrochar, finds a multitude of applications as a fuel …

Macadamia nut shell (MNS) is a type of waste lignocellulose obtained from macadamia nut
production processing. Large MNS wastes caused serious resource waste and …

Lignin from pulping is recovered in a wet form, making it ideal for hydrothermal
carbonisation (HTC). This study investigates the effects of temperature (200–280° C) …

As one of the most abundant natural aromatic polymers with plentiful oxygen-containing
groups in molecular backbones, commercial lignin can be regarded as a sustainable …

Morphology, physical and chemical properties of carbonaceous materials (CMs)
synthesized by hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of a technical lignin, HP-L™, derived from …

Walnut, pistachio, and peanut nutshells were treated by pyrolysis to biochar and analyzed
for their possible usage as fuels or soil fertilizers. All the samples were pyrolyzed to five …

Lignin is the most abundant and important macromolecule in organic matter and its yield is
second only to cellulose. Lignin is abundant in source, low in price, and has a large number …

Developing long-acting and sustained release systems is a feasible and effective way to
increase the efficiency of pesticides and help improve environmental pollution issues …

Nonchemical high-pressure steam treatments have been intensively researched and
commercialized to produce chemical-free wood products with enhanced properties …

Application of low-cost carbon black from lignin highly depends on the materials properties,
which might by determined by raw material and processing conditions. Four different …