Plant cells build nanofibrillar walls that are central to plant growth, morphogenesis and
mechanics. Starting from simple sugars, three groups of polysaccharides, namely, cellulose …

Auxin, one of the first identified and most widely studied phytohormones, has been and will
remain a hot topic in plant biology. After more than a century of passionate exploration, the …

The phytohormone auxin triggers transcriptional reprogramming through a well-
characterized perception machinery in the nucleus. By contrast, mechanisms that underlie …

Understanding the mechanism by which patterned gene activity leads to mechanical
deformation of cells and tissues to create complex forms is a major challenge for …

H+-ATPases, including the phosphorylated intermediate–type (P-type) and vacuolar-type (V-
type) H+-ATPases, are important ATP-driven proton pumps that generate membrane …

The extracellular pH is a vital regulator of various biological processes in plants. However,
how plants perceive extracellular pH remains obscure. Here, we report that plant cell …

Stomatal opening is largely promoted by light-activated plasma membrane-localized proton
ATPases (PM H+-ATPases), while their closure is mainly modulated by abscisic acid (ABA) …

Auxin has always been at the forefront of research in plant physiology and development.
Since the earliest contemplations by Julius von Sachs and Charles Darwin, more than a …

To respond to auxin, the chief orchestrator of their multicellularity, plants evolved multiple
receptor systems and signal transduction cascades. Despite decades of research, however …

The plant signaling molecule auxin is present in multiple kingdoms of life. Since its
discovery, a century of research has been focused on its action as a phytohormone. In land …