A stochastic model based on a combination of the cellular automata approach for forest fires
and a random walk for firebrands and hot gases has been further developed and used to …

Wildland fire simulation models can be used to inform wildfire risk assessment and
mitigation strategies. However, existing models tend to simulate fire spread only inside the …

There are three main types of forest fires: surface fires, tree crown fires, and underground
fires. The frequency of surface fires and tree crown fires accounts for more than 90% of the …

Intense wildfires pose a formidable threat to firefighter safety during suppression efforts.
Existing research has focused mainly on individual protection based on thermophysical …

Theoretical fire model is aimed at speed of computation while approximating the key physics
through only a few terrain-related inputs and tunable parameters representing fire intensity …

This paper delves into the expansive world of cellular automata (CA), abstract models of
computation comprised of cells that interact based on predefined rules. Originating from …

Reversibility is one of the most significant properties of cellular automata (CA). In this paper,
we focus on the reversibility of one-dimensional finite CA under reflective boundary …

Lightning-induced forest fires frequently inflict substantial damage on forest ecosystems,
with the Daxing'anling region in northern China recognized as a high-incidence region for …

Forest fires can develop rapidly and may cause a wide range of hazards. Therefore, aerial
firefighting, which has the ability to respond and reach fire fields quickly, is of great …

Wildfires pose a severe challenge to ecosystems and human settlements, exacerbated by
climate change and environmental factors. Traditional wildfire modeling, while useful, often …