SGLT2 inhibitors are antihyperglycemic drugs that protect kidneys and the heart of patients
with or without type 2 diabetes and preserved or reduced kidney function from failing. The …

Kidney size and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) often increase with the onset of diabetes,
and elevated GFR is a risk factor for the development of diabetic kidney disease …

Human sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (hSGLT2) mediates the reabsorption of the majority
of filtrated glucose in the kidney. Pharmacological inhibition of hSGLT2 by oral small …

The concentration of glucose in plasma is held within narrow limits (4–10 mmol/l), primarily
to ensure fuel supply to the brain. Kidneys play a role in glucose homeostasis in the body by …

SGLTs are sodium glucose transporters found on the luminal membrane of the proximal
tubule, where they reabsorb some 180 g (1 mol) of glucose from the glomerular filtrate each …

Traditional treatments for type 1 and type 2 diabetes are often associated with side effects,
including weight gain and hypoglycaemia that may offset the benefits of blood glucose …

The kidneys in normoglycemic humans filter 160–180 g of glucose per day (∼ 30% of daily
calorie intake), which is reabsorbed and returned to the systemic circulation by the proximal …

Understanding the regulatory mechanisms of PD-L1 expression in tumors provides key
clues for improving immune checkpoint blockade efficacy or developing novel …

Sotagliflozin is a dual sodium–glucose co-transporter-2 and 1 (SGLT2/1) inhibitor for the
treatment of both type 1 (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Sotagliflozin inhibits renal sodium …

The kidneys filter large amounts of glucose. To prevent the loss of this valuable fuel, the
tubular system of the kidney, particularly the proximal tubule, has been programmed to …