Over 50% of the global population suffers from hair loss. The mixed results in the treatment
of hair loss reveal the limitations of conventional commercial topical drugs. One the one …

Murine macrophages activated by the Toll-like receptor 4 agonist lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
polarize to the M1 type by inducing proinflammatory marker proteins and changing their …

A tight association between inflammation and cardiac damage has been extensively
recognized. In this review, we will focus on macrophages as key players in the physiology …

Cardiac healing following acute myocardial infarction (MI) involves the mobilization and
activation of immune cells, including macrophages. In the early phase after MI …

Background Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) severely limits the efficacy and donor source of
liver transplantation, and the crucial step in alleviating it is to control inflammation. Itaconic …

The repair of critical-sized bone defects continues to pose a challenge in clinics. Strontium
(Sr), recognized for its function in bone metabolism regulation, has shown potential in bone …

Introduction. Many Asian cohort studies have shown that nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
(NAFLD), now renamed as metabolic dysfunction‐associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) …

Background In chronic pulmonary diseases characterized by inflammation and airway
obstruction, such as asthma and COPD, there are unmet needs for improved treatment …

Acute myocardial infarction is an important cardiovascular disease worldwide. Although the
mortality rate of myocardial infarction (MI) has improved dramatically in recent years due to …

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most common opportunistic infections and is a leading cause
of mortality in patients with HIV and AIDS. HIV infection causes serious defects in the host …