The optimal design of a central bank digital currency (CBDC) is analyzed in an environment
where agents sort into cash, CBDC, and bank deposits according to their preferences over …

Should a central bank take over the provision of e-money, a circulable electronic liability?
We discuss how e-money technology changes the tradeoff between public and private …

In countries like Sweden and Uruguay, the introduction of a Central Bank Digital Currency
(CBDC)–a digital form of legal tender–is already being discussed and piloted. Additionally …

This chapter describes the principles of blockchain, cryptocurrency, and artificial intelligence
(AI) and their applications to the financial sector. We first discuss blockchain, and discuss …

Whether in crypto assets or in CBDCs, design choices can make an important difference to
the energy consumption of digital currencies. This paper establishes the main components …

Various central banks are actively considering forms of digital currency. This note centers on
the form that comes closest a digital equivalent of cash, and summarizes the main pros and …

Современные технологии создают возможности для кардинального изменения
финансового сектора экономики. Одно из наиболее ярких явлений в этой области …

Facing the challenges and leveraging the opportunities from digitalization may require
changes to the traditional business model of central banks. This paper focuses on retail …

This study uses meta-SWOT analysis to asses the internal strength and weaknesses, as well
as the external opportunities and threats, followed by the determination of most optimal …

Due to technological change and the rise of private digital currencies more and more central
banks investigate the possibility of issuing their own Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) …