Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a well-known angiogenic factor that plays a
critical role in various physiological and pathological processes. VEGF also contributes to …

Reproduction is characterized by a series of massive renovations at molecular, cellular, and
tissue levels. Recent studies have strongly tended to reveal the involvement of basic …

In some cases of spontaneous miscarriage (SM), the exact etiology cannot be determined.
Autophagy, which is responsible for cellular survival under stress conditions, has also been …

The etiology of lumbocrural pain is closely related to intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD).
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) serve crucial roles in IDD progression. This study …

Embryonic or fetal loss in cattle is associated with problems that occur during oocyte
maturation, early embryonic development, conceptus elongation, maternal recognition of …

CXCR4 is a key regulator of the development of NK cells and DCs, both of which play an
important role in early placental development and immune tolerance at the maternal-fetal …

Telocytes represent a relatively recently discovered population of interstitial cells with a
unique morphological structure that distinguishes them from other neighboring cells …

Correct placental development during early gestation is considered the main determinant of
fetal growth in late pregnancy. A reduction in maternal nourishment occurring across the …

The placenta, a unique organ that only develops during pregnancy, is essential for nutrient,
oxygen, and waste exchange between offspring and mother. Yet, despite its importance, the …

Silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) have drawn considerable attention due to their environmental
health effects, while enhanced understanding of metabolic disorders has provided insight …