Thirty years after the discovery of its production by activated macrophages, our appreciation
of the diverse roles of nitric oxide (NO) continues to grow. Recent findings have not only …

Melatonin is a highly evolutionary conserved endogenous molecule that is mainly produced
by the pineal gland, but also by other nonendocrine organs, of most mammals including …

Sepsis is generally viewed as a disease aggravated by an inappropriate immune response
encountered in the afflicted individual. As an important organ system frequently …

Control of blood vessel tone is central to vascular homeostasis. Here we show that
metabolism of tryptophan to kynurenine by indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (Ido) expressed in …

Summary Background The cause of Crohn's disease has not been mechanistically proven.
We tested the hypothesis that the disease is a form of immunodeficiency caused by impaired …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most prevalent age-related neurodegenerative
disease with physiological manifestations including tremors, bradykinesia, abnormal …

The endothelium takes part in the regulation of numerous physiological functions and lies at
the interface of circulating blood and the vessel wall. Under physiological conditions, it is …

Background—Impaired endothelial homeostasis underlies the pathophysiology of
pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). We speculated that PAH patients are deficient in …

In normal conditions, nitric oxide (NO) is oxidized to the anion nitrite, but in hypoxia, this
nitrite may be reduced back to NO by the nitrite reductase action of deoxygenated …

Caveolin-1, the principal structural and signaling protein of caveolae, is implicated in NO-
mediated cell signaling events, but its precise role in inflammation is not well understood …