Historically, the thalamus has been viewed as little more than a relay, simply transferring
information to key players of the cast, the cortex and hippocampus, without providing any …

Deciding what to do and when to move is vital to our survival. Clinical and fundamental
studies have identified basal ganglia circuits as critical for this process. The main input …

The cerebellar vermis, long associated with axial motor control, has been implicated in a
surprising range of neuropsychiatric disorders and cognitive and affective functions …

The cortex projects to the dorsal striatum topographically, to regulate behaviour,–, but
spiking activity in the two structures has previously been reported to have markedly different …

The thalamus is the central communication hub of the forebrain and provides the cerebral
cortex with inputs from sensory organs, subcortical systems and the cortex itself. Multiple …

The synaptic pathways in the striatum are central to basal ganglia functions including motor
control, learning and organization, action selection, acquisition of motor skills, cognitive …

The direct and indirect pathway striatal medium spiny neurons (dMSNs and iMSNs) have
long been linked to action selection, but the precise roles of these neurons in this process …

Cognitive flexibility, the ability to alter strategy according to changing stimulus-response-
reward relationships, is critical for updating learned behavior. Attentional set-shifting, a test …

Although the etiology of major depressive disorder remains poorly understood, reduced
gamma oscillations is an emerging biomarker. Olfactory bulbectomy, an established model …

The midline and intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus form a major part of the “limbic
thalamus;” that is, thalamic structures anatomically and functionally linked with the limbic …