Chronic pain patients often develop mental disorders, and anxiety disorders are common.
We hypothesize that the comorbid anxiety results from an imbalance between the reward …

Chronic neuropathic pain and comorbid depression syndrome (CDS) is a major worldwide
health problem that affects the quality of life of patients and imposes a tremendous …

The comorbidity of chronic pain and mental dysfunctions such as depression and anxiety
disorders has long been recognized, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly …

Corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) systems in limbic structures are posited to mediate
stress-induced relapse in addiction, traditionally by generating distress states that spur drug …

Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with, or resembling that
associated with, actual or potential tissue damage. The processing of pain involves …

Chronic pain and depression are highly prevalent pathologies and cause a major
socioeconomic burden to society. Chronic pain affects the emotional state of the individuals …

Phototherapy is an emerging non-pharmacological treatment for depression, circadian
rhythm disruptions, and neurodegeneration, as well as pain conditions including migraine …

Both peripheral and central corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) systems have been
implicated in regulating pain sensation. However, compared with the peripheral, the …

People living with pain report drinking alcohol to relieve pain. Acute alcohol use reduces
pain, and chronic alcohol use facilitates the emergence or exaggeration of pain. Recently …

Chronic pain is a multidimensional experience that not only involves persistent nociception
but is also frequently accompanied by significant emotional disorders, such as anxiety and …