Cellular signaling networks are the foundation which determines the fate and function of
cells as they respond to various cues and stimuli. The discovery of fluorescent proteins over …

Polymers with precisely defined monomeric sequences present an exquisite tool for
controlling material properties by harnessing both the robustness of synthetic polymers and …

The discovery of light-inducible protein–protein interactions has allowed for the spatial and
temporal control of a variety of biological processes. To be effective, a photodimerizer …

LOVTRAP is an optogenetic approach for reversible light-induced protein dissociation using
protein A fragments that bind to the LOV domain only in the dark, with tunable kinetics and …

Sensory photoreceptors underpin light-dependent adaptations of organismal physiology,
development, and behavior in nature. Adapted for optogenetics, sensory photoreceptors …

The light-based control of ion channels has been transformative for the neurosciences, but
the optogenetic toolkit does not stop there. An expanding number of proteins and cellular …

Anti-CRISPR proteins are powerful tools for CRISPR–Cas9 regulation; the ability to
precisely modulate their activity could facilitate spatiotemporally confined genome …

Plants are sessile and photo-autotrophic; their entire life cycle is thus strongly influenced by
the ever-changing light environment. In order to sense and respond to those fluctuating …

The precise spatio-temporal dynamics of protein activity are often critical in determining cell
behaviour, yet for most proteins they remain poorly understood; it remains difficult to …

Optogenetic gene expression systems can control transcription with spatial and temporal
detail unequaled with traditional inducible promoter systems. However, current eukaryotic …