In recent decades, the global demographic landscape has undergone a discernible shift that
has been characterised by a progressive increase in the proportion of elderly individuals …

Oncological emergencies are defined as any acute possible morbid or life-threatening
events in patients with cancer either because of the malignancy or because of their …

Synthetic phenethylamines are widely abused drugs, comprising new psychoactive
substances such as synthetic cathinones, but also well-known amphetamines such as …

Hyponatremia, especially if acute and severe, can be a life-threatening condition. Several
conditions can trigger hyponatremia. In this review, we will discuss two conditions that can …

Vasopressin is the key hormone involved in water conservation and regulation of water
balance, essential for life. In the renal collecting duct, vasopressin binds to the V2 receptor …

Background: Hyponatremia associated with antipsychotic drugs is a rare but potentially life-
threatening adverse drug reaction; the underlying pharmacological mechanism has not yet …

This article provides a comprehensive overview of electrolyte and water homeostasis in
pediatric patients, focusing on some of the common serum electrolyte abnormalities …

Introduction Sheehan syndrome is a rare condition from postpartum ischemic anterior
pituitary gland injury due to blood loss, hypovolemia, and shock. 1 Growth hormone (GH) is …

Vasopressin (AVP) plays a key function in controlling body water and salt balance through
the activation of the vasopressin receptors V1aR and V2R. Abnormal secretion of AVP can …

Hyponatremia is one of the most common electrolyte abnormalities encountered in medical
practice and is caused by multiple conditions. SIADH is the most common cause of …