Noninvasive brain stimulation/modulation is a rapidly emerging technique that has been
implemented in different clinical applications. The commonly noninvasive techniques used …

Mitochondria play a vital role in the nervous system, as they are responsible for generating
energy in the form of ATP and regulating cellular processes such as calcium (Ca 2+) …

The underlying pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease is complex, but mitochondrial
dysfunction has an established and prominent role. This is supported by an already large …

Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) play pivotal roles in myelin formation and
phagocytosis, communicating with neighboring cells and contributing to the integrity of the …

Mood disorders are common, debilitating and impose a high-cost burden on society. Side
effects and resistance to psychiatric drugs justify finding new treatment methods …

Background Emerging evidence suggests that the gut microbiota plays an important role in
the pathological progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Photobiomodulation (PBM) …

Introduction: Laser therapy has attracted experts' attention in medical sciences. Many
benefits of laser therapy are presented besides some complications. In the present study, it …

Introduction Given the ineffectiveness of the available drug treatment against Alzheimer
disease (AD), light‐based therapeutic modalities have been increasingly receiving attention …

Status epilepticus (SE) refers to a single seizure that lasts longer than typical seizures or a
series of consecutive seizures. The hippocampus, which is vulnerable to the effects of SE …

Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a procedure that uses light to modulate cellular functions and
biological processes. Over the past decades, PBM has gained considerable attention for its …