The objective of this narrative review is to study the impact of pregnancy and childbirth on
pelvic floor function as assessed by objective measurement techniques with quantitative …

Background This is Part 3 in the series of reviews from the IOC expert committee on exercise
and pregnancy in recreational and elite athletes. Part 1 focused on the effects of training …

Please cite this paper as: Shek K, Dietz H. Intrapartum risk factors for levator trauma. BJOG
2010; 117: 1485–1492. Objective To determine intrapartum risk factors associated with …

Purpose During the second and the third trimesters of pregnancy and in the first 3 months
following childbirth, about one-third of women experience urinary incontinence (UI). During …

OBJECTIVE: To estimate changes in levator hiatal dimensions after childbirth in women with
and without ultrasonographically visible morphological abnormalities of the levator ani and …

Objective This study was designed to define the degree of stretch/strain required of the
levator hiatus in childbirth. There have been attempts at defining the distension required for …

Hypotheses that might explain urinary incontinence during pregnancy and after childbirth
have been examined. The prevalence of urinary incontinence reaches a maximum during …

Please cite this paper as: Albrich S, Laterza R, Skala C, Salvatore S, Koelbl H, Naumann G.
Impact of mode of delivery on levator morphology: a prospective observational study with …

OBJECTIVE: To study postpartum changes in pelvic floor morphology in a cohort of
primiparous women. METHODS: Transperineal ultrasound measurements taken at five …

Introduction and hypothesis Pregnancy and delivery are well-established risk factors for
pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD), but the physiopathology, such as the delivery route, is not well …