In recent years, fluorescent sensors are enjoying a surge of popularity in the field of
neuroscience. Through the development of novel genetically encoded sensors as well as …

A key challenge of learning a new task is that the environment is high dimensional—there
are many different sensory features and possible actions, with typically only a small reward …

This article proposes a framework for understanding the macro-scale organization of
anatomical pathways in the mammalian brain. The architecture supports flexible behavioral …

Striatal acetylcholine (ACh) has been linked to behavioral flexibility. A key component of
flexibility is down-regulating responding as valued cues and actions become decoupled …

GPCR-based fluorescent sensors are widely used to correlate neuromodulatory signaling
with brain function. While experiments in transfected cells often reveal selectivity for …

Goal-directed navigation requires animals to continuously evaluate their current direction
and speed of travel relative to landmarks to discern whether they are approaching or …

Economic decision-making requires evaluating information about available options, such as
their expected value and economic risk. Previous studies have shown that frontal cortical …

Locomotion is continuously regulated by an animal's position within an environment relative
to goals. Direct and indirect pathway striatal output neurons (dSPNs and iSPNs) influence …

A key challenge of learning a new task is that the environment is high dimensional-there are
many different sensory features and possible actions, with typically only a small subset …

While the crucial role of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in associative learning is firmly
established, there is less consensus about whether they also play a major regulatory …