Nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted considerable attention in various fields, such as
cosmetics, the food industry, material design, and nanomedicine. In particular, the fast …

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a critical regulator of tumor growth, progression, and
metastasis. Among the innate immune cells recruited to the tumor site, macrophages are the …

The first generation of immune checkpoint inhibitors (anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1/PD-L1)
targeted natural immune homeostasis pathways, co-opted by cancers, to drive anti-tumor …

The identification of thrombospondin-1 as an angiogenesis inhibitor in 1990 prompted
interest in its role in cancer biology and potential as a therapeutic target. Decreased …

Remyelination failure contributes to axonal loss and progression of disability in multiple
sclerosis. The failed repair process could be due to ongoing toxic neuroinflammation and to …

Background CD47 is a widely expressed cellular receptor well known for its
immunoregulatory functions. By interacting with its ligands, including thrombospondin-1 …

The cardiac extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex architectural network consisting of
structural and nonstructural proteins, creating strength and plasticity. The nonstructural …

Nanomedicine is a burgeoning industry but an understanding of the interaction of
nanomaterials with the immune system is critical for clinical translation. Macrophages play a …

The term matricellular proteins describes a family of structurally unrelated extracellular
macromolecules that, unlike structural matrix proteins, do not play a primary role in tissue …

Summary Uncommitted (naive) murine CD4+ T helper cells (Thp) can be induced to
differentiate towards T helper 1 (Th1), Th2, Th17 and regulatory (Treg) phenotypes …