Tumors are comprised of both cancer cells and surrounding stromal components. As an
essential part of the tumor microenvironment, the tumor stroma is highly dynamic …

Simple Summary Metastasis, the process by which cancer cells escape primary tumor site
and colonize distant organs, is responsible for most cancer-related deaths. The tumor …

Neoplasms are one of the most concerned public health problems worldwide. Digestive
system neoplasms, with a high morbidity and mortality, is one of the most common malignant …

Cell-based therapy (CBT) is a revolutionary approach for curing a variety of degenerative
diseases. Stem cell-based regenerative medicine is a novel strategy for treating tissue …

Exosomes are extracellular nanovesicles secreted from almost all types of normal and
cancer cells. Collective evidence suggests that exosomes participate in cell–cell …

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are self-renewable, multipotent stem cells that regulate the
phenotype and function of all immune cells that participate in anti-tumor immunity. MSCs …

The bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are a group of potent morphogens which are
critical for the patterning, development, and function of the central nervous system. The …

Nanodrug delivery systems have been widely used in disease treatment. However, weak
drug targeting, easy to be cleared by the immune system, and low biocompatibility are great …

Cell therapy, particularly mesenchymal stem/stromal (MSC) therapy, has been investigated
for a wide variety of disease indications, particularly those with inflammatory pathologies …

Introduction Caralluma tuberculata holds significant importance as a medicinal plant due to
its abundance of bioactive metabolites, which offer a wide range of therapeutic potentials …