The principal source of vitamin D in humans is its biosynthesis in the skin through a
chemical reaction dependent on sun exposure. In lesser amounts, the vitamin can be …

Skin color diversity is the most variable and noticeable phenotypic trait in humans resulting
from constitutive pigmentation variability. This paper will review the characterization of skin …

Human skin is repeatedly exposed to UVR that influences the function and survival of many
cell types and is regarded as the main causative factor in the induction of skin cancer. It has …

Written by experienced and internationally renowned contributors, this is the fourth edition of
what has become the standard reference for cosmetic scientists and dermatologists seeking …

Numerous researchers have examined the effects of skin condition, including texture and
color, on the perception of health, age, and attractiveness in human faces. They have …

Photothermal therapy (PTT) and magnetic hyperthermia therapy (MHT) using 2D
nanomaterials (2DnMat) have recently emerged as promising alternative treatments for …

The links between appearance and health influence human social interactions and are
medically important, yet the facial cues influencing health judgments are unclear, and few …

Pigmentation of human skin is closely involved in protection against environmental stresses,
in particular exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. It is well known that darker skin is …

Photoprotection behaviors can mitigate skin damage caused by ultraviolet radiation, and
common methods include seeking shade, avoiding sun exposure during peak daylight …

Pigmentation, which is primarily determined by the amount, the type, and the distribution of
melanin, shows a remarkable diversity in human populations, and in this sense, it is an …