Although the pathobiology of atherosclerosis is a complex multifactorial process, blood flow-
induced shear stress has emerged as an essential feature of atherogenesis. This fluid drag …

Aerobic exercise training leads to cardiovascular changes that markedly increase aerobic
power and lead to improved endurance performance. The functionally most important …

Although episodic changes in shear stress have been proposed as the mechanism
responsible for the effects of exercise training on the vasculature, this hypothesis has not …

The endothelium, by releasing nitric oxide (NO), promotes vasodilation and inhibits
inflammation, thrombosis, and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. These biological …

Nitric oxide production in response to flow-dependent shear forces applied on the surface of
endothelial cells is a fundamental mechanism of regulation of vascular tone, peripheral …

Background—Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with an increased risk of stroke due almost
exclusively to emboli from left atrial appendage (LAA) thrombi. Recently, we reported that AF …

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death worldwide, and novel
therapies are drastically needed to prevent or delay the onset of CVD to reduce the societal …

Current evidence indicates that the ability of physical activity to sustain a normal phenotype
of arterial endothelial cells (ECs) plays a central role in the beneficial effects of exercise (Ex) …

In the vasculature, reactive oxidant species, including reactive oxygen, nitrogen, or
halogenating species, and thiyl, tyrosyl, or protein radicals may oxidatively modify lipids and …

Chronic pulmonary hypertension is a serious complication of a number of chronic lung and
heart diseases. In addition to vasoconstriction, its pathogenesis includes injury to the …