During the generation of a successful adaptive immune response, multiple molecular
signals are required. A primary signal is the binding of cognate antigen to an antigen …

Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factors (TRAFS) were initially discovered as
adaptor proteins that couple the tumor necrosis factor receptor family to signaling pathways …

Activation of NF-κB has been noted in many tumor types, however only rarely has this been
linked to an underlying genetic mutation. An integrated analysis of high-density …

Mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein (MAVS) transmits signals from RIG-I-like receptors
after RNA virus infections. However, the mechanism by which MAVS activates downstream …

The tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNF-R)-associated factor (TRAF) family of intracellular
proteins were originally identified as signaling adaptors that bind directly to the cytoplasmic …

The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor associated factors (TRAFs) have emerged as the
major signal transducers for the TNF receptor superfamily and the interleukin-1 receptor/Toll …

In addition to coordinating immune and inflammatory responses, NF-κB/Rel transcription
factors control cell survival. Normally, NF-κB dimers are sequestered in the cytoplasm by …

The proinflammatory cytokine tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) regulates immune
responses, inflammation and programmed cell death (apoptosis),,,. The ultimate fate of a cell …

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE; OMIM 152700) is a highly heterogeneous disorder,
characterized by differences in autoantibody profile, serum cytokines, and a multi-system …

The tumor necrosis factor receptor family member 4‐1BB plays a key role in the survival of
activated and memory CD8+ T cells. Depending on the disease model, 4‐1BB can …