The subject of this review is the atmospheric chemistry of the metals that ablate from
meteoroids at altitudes between 70 and 120 km in the Earth's atmosphere. Before describing …

Scientific attention has recently been focused on the coupling of the earth's upper
atmosphere and ionosphere. In the present work, we review the advances in this field …

In this paper, we studied the possible relations between incoming meteors, sporadic E (Es)
layers, and sporadic (or sudden) sodium atom layers (SSLs) using the data from the …

High‐resolution observations of the density structure of atomic sodium in the Earth's
mesosphere and lower thermosphere, using a large‐aperture lidar system, reveal features …

With a thermosphere‐ionosphere Fe/Fe+ (TIFe) model developed from first principles at the
University of Colorado, we present the first quantitative investigation of formation …

We report the first lidar observations of thermospheric Na layers up to 170 km at Lijiang
(geomagnetic 21.6° N, 171.8° E), China, in March, April, and December 2012. The Na …

The altitude of the sodium layer in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere is usually from
80 km to 105 km. In this paper, we report a set of double sodium layer (DSL) events …

This paper presents the first high‐resolution resonance lidar measurements of calcium ion
(Ca+) layers in the F region valley (140–180 km) over Arecibo. Unique, simultaneous Ca+ …

In this research, we reveal the inter-connection between lightning strokes, reversal of the
electric field, ionospheric disturbances, and a sodium layer (Na S), based on the joint …

Sodium lidar observations of sporadic sodium layers (SSLs) during the past 3 years at a mid-
latitude location (Hefei, China, 31.8° N, 117.3° E) are reported in this paper. From 64 SSL …