Lead-free solders in microelectronics

M Abtew, G Selvaduray - Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports, 2000 - Elsevier
Practically all microelectronic assemblies in use today utilize Pb–Sn solders for
interconnection. With the advent of chip scale packaging technologies, the usage of solder …

Electrochemical migration of Sn and Sn solder alloys: a review

X Zhong, L Chen, B Medgyes, Z Zhang, S Gao… - RSC advances, 2017 - pubs.rsc.org
Sn and Sn solder alloys in microelectronics are the most susceptible to suffer from
electrochemical migration (ECM) which significantly compromises the reliability of …

Electrodeposition current density induced texture and grain boundary engineering in Sn coatings for enhanced corrosion resistance

A Gupta, C Srivastava - Corrosion Science, 2022 - Elsevier
Sn coatings were electrodeposited over mild steel at different current densities (5 mA cm− 2,
20 mA cm− 2, 40 mA cm− 2, 60 mA cm− 2, and 80 mA cm− 2). Corrosion resistance was …

Reduction of lead free solder aging effects using doped SAC alloys

Z Cai, Y Zhang, JC Suhling, P Lall… - 2010 Proceedings …, 2010 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
The microstructure, mechanical response, and failure behavior of lead free solder joints in
electronic assemblies are constantly evolving when exposed to isothermal aging and/or …

IMC growth of Sn-3.5 Ag/Cu system: Combined chemical reaction and diffusion mechanisms

OM Abdelhadi, L Ladani - Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2012 - Elsevier
The growth kinetics of intermetallic (IMC) compound layers formed between Sn-3.5 Ag
solders and Cu substrate in soldering process are investigated experimentally and …

Evaluation of creep behavior of near-eutectic Sn–Ag solders containing small amount of alloy additions

F Guo, S Choi, KN Subramanian, TR Bieler… - Materials Science and …, 2003 - Elsevier
Understanding and quantification of creep behavior of lead-free solder joints are essential
for lifetime prediction of electronic systems. This is especially true for circuits with surface …

Effect of different electrolytes on the microstructure, corrosion and whisker growth of pulse plated tin coatings

A Sharma, S Das, K Das - Microelectronic Engineering, 2017 - Elsevier
Pulse electrodeposited tin coatings are produced from different electrolytic baths (acidic
stannous sulfate, alkaline sodium stannate, stannous chloride-citrate, methyl sulfonic acid …

[PDF][PDF] A review of solder evolution in electronic application

E Efzan, A Marini - International Journal of Engineering, 2012 - Citeseer
A REVIEW OF SOLDER EVOLUTION IN ELECTRONIC APPLICATION Page 1 November
2012. Vol. 1, No.1 ISSN 2305-8269 International Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences …

A constitutive model for lead free solder including aging effects and its application to microelectronic packaging

M Motalab - 2013 - search.proquest.com
The microstructure, mechanical response, and failure behavior of lead free solder joints in
electronic assemblies are constantly evolving when exposed to isothermal aging and/or …

[PDF][PDF] Effect of Ag on Sn–Cu and Sn–Zn lead free solders

SN Alam, P Mishra, R Kumar - Materials Science-Poland, 2015 - sciendo.com
Lead and lead-containing compounds are considered as toxic substances due to their
detrimental effect on the environment. Sn-based soldering systems, like Sn–Cu and Sn–Zn …