Many studies have reported statistically significant associations between bird migratory
phenology and climatic variables, and, consequently, it is mostly accepted that recent shifts …

Publisher Summary This chapter reviews the evidence indicating that the arrival and
departure dates of migratory birds have changed, and the relationship of these changes to …

Migration, broadly defined as directional movement to take advantage of spatially distributed
resources, is a dramatic behaviour and an important component of many life histories that …

Approximately two thirds of migratory songbirds in eastern North America negotiate the Gulf
of Mexico (GOM), where inclement weather coupled with no refueling or resting …

The annual life cycle of many birds includes breeding, moult and migration. All these
processes are time and energy consuming and the extent of investment in any one may …

Endogenous programs that regulate annual cycles have been shown for many taxa,
including protists, arthropods, fish, mammals and birds. In migration biology, these programs …

Migratory animals show a suite of adaptations to cope with their journeys. These include not
only morphological features for efficient locomotion and storage of energy but also …

Migratory birds regularly perform impressive long-distance flights, which are timed relative to
the anticipated environmental resources at destination areas that can be several thousand …

The phenomenon of bird migration has fascinated people from time immemorial. The
arrivals and departures of different species marked the seasons, heralding spring and …

According to migration theory and several empirical studies, long‐distance migrants are
more time‐limited during spring migration and should therefore migrate faster in spring than …