Cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) is a multi‐organ disease, encompassing heart, kidney and
vascular system dysfunction. CRS is a worldwide problem, with high morbidity, mortality, and …

Cardiovascular diseases are one of the most important causes of the disability and mortality
in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The present study examined the …

In cardiorenal syndrome (CRS), heart failure and renal failure are pathophysiologically
closely intertwined by the reciprocal relationship between cardiac and renal injury. Type 1 …

Purpose Cardiorenal syndrome describes disorders of the heart and the kidneys in which a
dysfunction of 1 organ induces a dysfunction in the other. This work describes the design …

After the age of 30 years, GFR progressively declines at an average rate of 8 mL/min/1.73
m/decade. A problem of advanced age is that the evaluation of renal function on the basis of …

To date, the complex pathological interactions between renal and cardiovascular systems
represent a real global epidemic in both developed and developing countries. In this …

Acute cardiorenal syndrome (CRS), categorized as CRS type 1 and 3, is defined by the
interplay of acute kidney injury or dysfunction and acute cardiac disease. For optimized …

It is well known that heart and kidney functions are interdependent; primary disorders of one
organ have been shown to affect the other organ (organ cross-talk). Over the last decade …

The major roles of filtration, metabolism and high blood flow make the kidney highly
vulnerable to drug‐induced toxicity and other renal injuries. A method to follow kidney …

Purpose: Cardiorenal syndrome describes disorders of the heart and the kidneys in which a
dysfunction of 1 organ induces a dysfunction in the other. This work describes the design …