Rapid identification of microorganisms with a high sensitivity and selectivity is of great
interest in many fields, primarily in clinical diagnosis, environmental monitoring, and the food …

Nucleic acids (deoxyribonucleic acid–DNA and ribonucleic acid–RNA) are essential
components of all living organisms, with DNA encoding genetic information and RNA …

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) sandwich biosensors have received
tremendous attention in early diagnosis of bacterial infections. However, efficiently …

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is recognized as a powerful analytical method.
However, its efficacy is hindered by considerable signal variability stemming from factors like …

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) is one of the most widely used vibrational
diagnostic techniques to investigate gas-phase reactive oxygen and nitrogen species …

Protein imaging aids diagnosis and drug development by revealing protein–drug
interactions or protein levels. However, the challenges of imaging multiple proteins, reduced …

The accurate and rapid identification of explosives and their toxic by-products is an
important aspect of safety protocols, forensic investigations and pollution studies. Herein …

Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum (PCC) is a notorious plant pathogen
responsible for severe soft rot in kimchi cabbage, which results in significant economic …

The many advancements in medical technology of the last century have continually sought
to improve the sensitivity of testing and the specificity of treatment of human maladies …

Background Antibiotic resistance stands as a critical medical concern, notably evident in
commonly prescribed beta-lactam antibiotics. The imperative need for expeditious and …