Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have captured great attention in regenerative medicine for
over a few decades by virtue of their differentiation capacity, potent immunomodulatory …

Herein, we use lessons learned in exercise physiology and metabolism to propose that
augmented lactate production ('lactagenesis'), initiated by gene mutations, is the reason and …

Classically, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were largely thought to be relatively inert
structural components of brain, largely important for the formation of cellular membranes …

Extracellular vesicles releasing from various types of cells contribute to intercellular
communication via delivering bio-molecules like nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids to …

Neuronal inflammation is the characteristic pathologic change of acute neurologic
impairment and chronic traumatic encephalopathy after traumatic brain injury (TBI) …

Functional neural competence and integrity require interactive exchanges among sensory
and motor neurons, interneurons and glial cells. Recent studies have attributed some of the …

Extracellular vesicles, including exosomes and microvesicles, are small, nano-to-micrometer
vesicles that are released from cells. While initially observed in immune cells and …

Patients with chronic inflammation are often associated with the emergence of depression
symptoms, while diagnosed depressed patients show increased levels of circulating …

Within the past decade, extracellular vesicles have emerged as important mediators of
intercellular communication, being involved in the transmission of biological signals …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, microvesicles, and oncosomes, are nano-
sized particles enclosed by a lipid bilayer. EVs are released by virtually all eukaryotic cells …