When one encounters a novel stimulus this sets off a cascade of brain responses, activating
several neuromodulatory systems. As a consequence novelty has a wide range of effects on …

To explore how neural circuits represent novel versus familiar inputs, we presented mice
with repeated sets of images with novel images sparsely substituted. Using two-photon …

The human brain has evolved a multifaceted fear system, allowing threat detection to enable
rapid adaptive responses crucial for survival. Although many cortical and subcortical brain …

Dominant motor control theories propose that the brain predicts and attenuates the
somatosensory consequences of actions, referred to as somatosensory attenuation. Support …

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with selective attention impairments,
which could contribute to cognitive and functional deficits. Using visual scanning …

Goal-directed behavior requires the ability to focus on information that is relevant to a given
task and to ignore information that might interfere with it. In the Stroop task, for example, the …

Exploration of novel environments has reliably been shown to enhance learning in rodents.
More recently, these effects have been replicated in humans using virtual reality: Memory is …

Studies examining the visual perception of face race have revealed mixed findings
regarding the presence or direction of effects on early face-sensitive event-related potential …

Mental schemas exert top-down control on information processing, for instance by facilitating
the storage of schema-related information. However, given capacity-limits and competition in …

Daily contents presented on television screen are in most cases equipped with titles, for
example the names and surnames of presented people, data about the location, subtitles or …