With a focus on key themes and debates, this article aims to illustrate and assess how the
interaction between justice and politics has shaped the international regime and defined the …

We provide a synthesis of recent scholarship on social safeguards and co-benefits in
REDD+ with a focus on debates on: first, tenure security, and second, effective participation …

For decades, conservation and research initiatives in tropical forests have focused almost
exclusively on old-growth forests because scientists believed that these “pristine” …

Abstract Scope, Delineations, and Definitions: Livelihoods, Poverty, and Inequality
Understanding the impacts of climate change on livelihoods and poverty requires examining …

The emphasis on participatory environmental management within international development
has started to overcome critiques of traditional exclusionary environmental policy, aligning …

From the 1980s great hopes have been placed on community forest management to
promote socio-economic development along with forest protection. Empirical research has …

Shifting cultivation is one of the oldest forms of subsistence agriculture and is still practised
by millions of poor people in the tropics. Typically it involves clearing land (often forest) for …

Although many activities can jointly contribute to the climate change strategies of adaptation
and mitigation, climate policies have generally treated these strategies separately. In recent …

This article provides a case study of a project in Kondoa, Tanzania under the programme
Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD). It demonstrates …

Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+) is primarily a
market-based mechanism for achieving the effective reduction of carbon emissions from …