The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is involved in adaptive control of behavior and optimizing action
selection. When an organism is experiencing an aversive event, such as a sustained state of …

Overindulgence, excessive consumption, and a pattern of compulsive use of natural
rewards, such as certain foods or drugs of abuse, may result in the development of obesity …

Decisions occur in dynamic environments. In the framework of reinforcement learning, the
probability of performing an action is influenced by decision variables. Discrepancies …

Survival critically depends on selecting appropriate defensive or exploratory behaviors and
is strongly influenced by the surrounding environment. Contextual discrimination is a …

Background Epidemiological studies suggest that the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders
such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and schizophrenia is increased by prenatal …

Risk/reward decision-making is a dynamic process that includes periods of deliberation
before action selection and evaluation of the action outcomes that bias subsequent choices …

Reinforcement feedback can improve motor learning, but the underlying brain mechanisms
remain underexplored. In particular, the causal contribution of specific patterns of oscillatory …

Non-overlapping cell populations within dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC), defined by
gene expression or projection target, control dissociable aspects of reward seeking through …

Actions executed toward obtaining a reward are frequently associated with the probability of
harm occurring during action execution. Learning this probability allows for appropriate …

Parvalbumin (PV)-positive cells are GABAergic fast-spiking interneurons that modulate the
activity of pyramidal neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and their output to brain …