8.2. Effects in the pancreas 8.3. Effects on the intestinal sphincter 8.4. Effects on intestinal
motility 8.5. Effects on intestinal cellular proliferation 8.6. Effects on intestinal fluid and ion …

Most forms of hypertension are associated with a wide variety of functional changes in the
hypothalamus. Alterations in the following substances are discussed: catecholamines …

Blood flow, particularly in the skin, is essential for the success of plastic surgical operations.
This review describes recent studies of the perivascular nerves and vascular endothelial …

The ability to monitor dynamic changes in neuropeptide Y (NPY) levels in complex
environments can have an impact on many fields, including neuroscience and immunology …

The neurons that control blood pressure express neuropeptide Y. Administered centrally,
this neuropeptide reduces blood pressure and anxiety, together with lowering sympathetic …

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is co-released with norepinephrine and ATP by sympathetic nerves
innervating arteries. Circulating NPY is elevated during exercise and cardiovascular …

ATP, norepinephrine and NPY are co-released by sympathetic nerves innervating arteries.
ATP elicits vasoconstriction via activation of smooth muscle P2X receptors. The functional …

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a vasoconstrictor peptide and a cotransmitter with norepinephrine
(NE) in sympathetic nerve terminals and is thought to be involved in sympathetic nerve …

2 Heteroreceptors Modulating Noradrenaline Release.................................. 2.1 Muscarinic
Receptors........................................................................ 2.2 Nicotinic Receptors …

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to investigate whether the secretion of a cardiovascular
hormone, calcitonin gene-related peptide, is modified in climateric women according to …