We present the first objective quantitative assessment of the threats to all 359 species of
seabirds, identify the main challenges facing them, and outline priority actions for their …

Parasites are ubiquitous in the environment, and can cause negative effects in their host
species. Importantly, seabirds can be long-lived and cross multiple continents within a single …

Penguins are important top consumers in marine food webs and are one of the most
threatened bird families, especially by climate change and food web alterations by marine …

Infectious diseases may be particularly critical for the conservation of endangered species. A
striking example is the recurrent outbreaks that have been occurring in seabirds on …

Seabirds are among the most threatened of all vertebrate groups. Here we review their
conservation status and key aspects of the main threats and some emerging threats. Bycatch …

The spatial structure of host communities is expected to constrain pathogen spread.
However, predators and/or scavengers may connect distant host (sub) populations when …

Vaccines are an established conservation tool that can reduce the threat of infectious
disease in endangered wildlife populations. Vaccines exist for many infectious pathogens …

Seabirds have been widely used as bioindicators for quality assessment of marine
environments because of their high position in the food chain, particular life cycle …

Despite critical implications for disease dynamics and surveillance in wild long-lived
species, the immune response after exposure to potentially highly pathogenic bacterial …

An increasing number of species are facing unprecedented levels of threat to their long‐term
survival due to the direct and indirect impacts of climate change. Key opportunities for …