Object The craniovertebral junction (CVJ) is a complex region of the spine with unique
anatomical and functional relationships. To alleviate symptoms associated with pathological …

The transoral approach is considered the gold-standard surgical route for performing
anterior odontoidectomy and ventral decompression of the craniovertebral junction for …

Introduction Endoscopic skull base approaches are broadly used in modern neurosurgery.
The support of neuronavigation can help to effectively target the lesion avoiding …

OBJECT The endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) provides a minimally invasive corridor
through which the cervicomedullary junction can be decompressed with reduced morbidity …

OBJECTIVE The endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) to the lower clivus and
craniovertebral junction (CVJ) has been traditionally performed via resection of the …

OBJECT The transoral approach is the gold standard for ventral decompression of the
brainstem caused by craniovertebral junction (CVJ) pathology. This approach is often …

Background Over the past decades, supported by preliminary anatomic and clinical studies
exploring its feasibility and safety, experience has increased of the use of the endoscopic …

Background Endoscopic endonasal odontoidectomy (EEO) has been described as a
potential approach for craniovertebral junction (CVJ) disease which could cause anterior …

Background Individual planning of the entry point and the use of navigation has become
more relevant in intraventricular neuroendoscopy. Navigated neuroendoscopic solutions are …

Background Basilar invagination is a rare clinical condition characterized by upward
protrusion of the odontoid process into the intracranial space, leading to bulbomedullary …