Trichogramma egg parasitoids are successfully used for biological control of a wide range of
lepidopteran pests worldwide. However, the field success depends upon their performance …

Winged insects often spend considerable amounts of energy in flight, searching for food,
escaping predators, and dispersing. In females, flight is hypothesized to reduce resources …

Hormesis phenomena in insect pests can have a negative impact, but for beneficial insects,
it might be used to optimize mass rearing and increase the quality of biocontrol agents …

Trichogramma achaeae Nagaraja and Nagarkatti (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) is
currently used as biological control agent for several lepidopteran pests. Knowledge of …

Telenomus remus (Nixon) is an egg parasitoid of several Spodoptera spp. insects,
especially the destructive agricultural pest Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith). Studies …

In organisms, the energy allocated to different functions, such as between survival and
reproduction, can vary according to biotic and/or abiotic constraints, resulting in trade-offs …

The use of biological control agents in Integrated Pest Management programs has
increased in the last decades, but may be affected by antagonistic effects generated by the …

Many parasitoids alter their reproductive behaviour in response to the quality of encountered
hosts. They make adaptive decisions concerning whether to parasitise a potential host, the …

Fear associated with perceived predation risk can elicit behavioral and physiological
changes in animals, including insects. Diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella, larvae …

Telenomus remus (Nixon) is a promising egg parasitoid for the management of Spodoptera
frugiperda (JE Smith). This species has been successfully reared on alternative hosts under …