Malaria caused by Plasmodium species and transmitted by Anopheles mosquitoes affects
large human populations, while Ixodes ticks transmit Babesia species and cause …

Malaria caused by the Plasmodium falciparum strain is more severe because of this
protozoan's ability to disrupt the physiology of host cells during the blood stages of …

Malaria caused by Plasmodium vivax continues being one of the most important infectious
diseases around the world; P. vivax is the second most prevalent species and has the …

Background Malaria in pregnancy (MIP) causes higher morbidity in primigravid compared to
multigravid women; however, the correlates and mechanisms underlying this gravidity …

Immunity against malaria depends on germinal center (GC)-derived antibody responses that
are orchestrated by T follicular helper (TFH) cells. Emerging data show that the regulatory …

Malaria is caused by apicomplexan parasites of the genus Plasmodium. While infection
continues to pose a risk for the majority of the global population, the burden of disease …

Malaria comprises a spectrum of disease syndromes and the immune system is a major
participant in malarial disease. This is particularly true in relation to the immune responses …

The cytokine IL-10 suppresses T-cell-mediated immunity, which is required to control
infection with Plasmodium yoelii. Consequently, IL-10 can delay the time needed to resolve …

In malaria, CD 4 Th1 and T follicular helper (TFH) cells are important for controlling parasite
growth, but Th1 cells also contribute to immunopathology. Moreover, various regulatory CD …

Regulatory T cells (Treg cells) play crucial roles in the induction of peripheral tolerance to
self-and foreign-antigens. IL-10-producing regulatory T cells (IL-10-producing Treg cells) …