The genotype–fitness map (that is, the fitness landscape) is a key determinant of evolution,
yet it has mostly been used as a superficial metaphor because we know little about its …

The face of evolutionary biology is changing: from reconstructing and analysing the past to
predicting future evolutionary processes. Recent developments include prediction of …

Mutations in non-coding regulatory DNA sequences can alter gene expression, organismal
phenotype and fitness,–. Constructing complete fitness landscapes, in which DNA …

Allosteric communication between distant sites in proteins is central to biological regulation
but still poorly characterized, limiting understanding, engineering and drug development …

Sequencing has revealed hundreds of millions of human genetic variants, and continued
efforts will only add to this variant avalanche. Insufficient information exists to interpret the …

Massively parallel reporter gene assays are key tools in regulatory genomics but cannot be
used to identify cell-type-specific regulatory elements without performing assays serially …

Transcription rates are regulated by the interactions between RNA polymerase, sigma factor,
and promoter DNA sequences in bacteria. However, it remains unclear how non-canonical …

Sequence logos are visually compelling ways of illustrating the biological properties of DNA,
RNA and protein sequences, yet it is currently difficult to generate and customize such logos …

How transcription factors (TFs) interpret cis-regulatory DNA sequence to control gene
expression remains unclear, largely because past studies using native and engineered …

Genetically encoded fluorescent biosensors are powerful tools used to track chemical
processes in intact biological systems. However, the development and optimization of …