Power systems are experiencing structural changes induced by the integration of distributed
generation units and the operation of microgrids. This transformation has posed new …

Integration of distributed generation systems and diversity of microgrid operations led to a
change in the structure of the power system. Due to this conversion, new challenges have …

The purpose of active distribution networks (ADNs) is to provide effective control approaches
for enhancing the operation of distribution networks (DNs) and greater accommodation of …

The high penetration of renewable energy resources (RERs) increases the fault current level
of direct current (DC) microgrids and causes bidirectional flow for fault current. Therefore, it …

This paper introduces a protection scheme for interconnected networks based on proposed
Directional Overcurrent Relays (DOCRs) with user-defined two-level characteristics. By …

Optimal Coordination of Power Protective Devices with Illustrative Examples Provides
practical guidance on the coordination issue of power protective relays and fuses Protecting …

A directional overcurrent relay is commonly used to protect the power distribution networks
of a distributed system. The selection of the appropriate settings for the relays is an important …

Much attention has been paid to the optimized protection of microgrids (MGs) and active
distribution networks (ADNs). However, the literature shows a research gap in proposing a …

This article shows an original and efficient way to consider transient configurations in
optimal coordination of directional overcurrent protections. In the proposed method, the …

One of the main controllers in systems is PID controller, and setting the PID controller values
using test and try is time-consuming and may not be accurate. On the other hand, due to …