This paper reviews the many developments in estimates of the direct and indirect global
annual mean radiative forcing due to present‐day concentrations of anthropogenic …

In recent years, there has been a substantial increase in interest in the influence of
anthropogenic aerosols on climate through both direct and indirect effects. Several …

The optical properties of the light-absorbing, carbonaceous substance often called
“soot,”“black carbon,” or “carbon black" have been the subject of some debate. These …

Aerosols affect the Earth's temperature and climate by altering the radiative properties of the
atmosphere. A large positive component of this radiative forcing from aerosols is due to …

Tropospheric Aerosol Optical Thickness from the GOCART Model and Comparisons with Satellite
and Sun Photometer Measurements in: Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences Volume 59 Issue 3 …

This Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Special Report is the most
comprehensive assessment available on the effects of aviation on the global atmosphere …

The aerosol-climate modelling system ECHAM5-HAM is introduced. It is based on a flexible
microphysical approach and, as the number of externally imposed parameters is minimised …

Under the 1997 Kyoto Protocol, no control of black carbon (BC) was considered. Here, it is
found, through simulations in which 12 identifiable effects of aerosol particles on climate are …

The global distribution of carbonaceous aerosols is simulated online in the Goddard Institute
for Space Studies General Circulation Model II‐prime (GISS GCM II‐prime). Prognostic …

Aerosol particles are ubiquitous in the troposphere and exert an important influence on
global climate and the environment. They affect climate through scattering, transmission …