Fiber optic interferometers to sense various physical parameters including temperature,
strain, pressure, and refractive index have been widely investigated. They can be …

In contemporary science and technology, photonic sensors are essential. They may be
made to be extremely resistant to some physical parameters while also being extremely …

Photonic crystal fibers are a kind of fiber optics that present a diversity of new and improved
features beyond what conventional optical fibers can offer. Due to their unique geometric …

Photonic crystal fiber sensors have potential application in environmental monitoring,
industry, biomedicine, food preservation, and many more. These sensors work based on …

A salinity sensor employing photonic crystal fiber is designed for measuring the
concentration of salt in sea water. The sea water sample is infiltrated into one of the air holes …

Optical measurement of mechanical parameters is gaining significant commercial interest in
different industry sectors. Torsion, twist and rotation are among the very frequently measured …

This paper reviews a wide variety of fiber-optic microstructure (FOM) sensors, such as fiber
Bragg grating (FBG) sensors, long-period fiber grating (LPFG) sensors, Fabry-Perot …

A novel magnetic field fiber sensor based on magnetic fluid is proposed. The sensor is
configured as a Sagnac interferometer structure with a magnetic fluid film and a section of …

A novel temperature-and strain-independent optical fiber torsion sensor based on a phase-
shifted fiber Bragg grating (PSFBG) inscribed by the line-by-line (LbL) technique in a …

The research field of photonic crystals (PhCs) remains active on a global scale. PhCs, which
are periodic optical nanostructures with the characteristics of excellent light field …