Toward greener 5G and beyond radio access networks—A survey

LMP Larsen, HL Christiansen, S Ruepp… - IEEE Open journal of …, 2023 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
Mobile network traffic is increasing and so is the energy consumption. The Radio Access
Network (RAN) part is responsible for the largest share of the mobile network energy …

Energy optimization with multi-sleeping control in 5G heterogeneous networks using reinforcement learning

A El Amine, JP Chaiban, HAH Hassan… - … on Network and …, 2022 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
The massive deployment of small cells in 5G networks represents an alternative to meet the
ever increasing mobile data traffic and to provide very-high throughout by bringing the users …

Using reinforcement learning to reduce energy consumption of ultra-dense networks with 5G use cases requirements

S Malta, P Pinto, M Fernández-Veiga - IEEE Access, 2023 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
In mobile networks, 5G Ultra-Dense Networks (UDNs) have emerged as they effectively
increase the network capacity due to cell splitting and densification. A Base Station (BS) is a …

Energy-optimal end-to-end network slicing in cloud-based architecture

M Masoudi, ÖT Demir, J Zander… - IEEE Open Journal of …, 2022 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
Network slicing is a promising technology for realizing the vision of supporting a wide range
of services with diverse and heterogeneous service requirements. With network slicing, the …

Intelligent hierarchical NOMA-based network slicing in cell-free RAN for 6G systems

F Ye, J Li, P Zhu, D Wang, X You - IEEE Transactions on …, 2023 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
In order to cope with the demand of explosively increasing service diversity and quality,
network slicing has become the key technology of next-generation mobile communication …

Base station switching and sleep mode optimization with LSTM-based user prediction

G Jang, N Kim, T Ha, C Lee, S Cho - IEEE Access, 2020 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
The base station (BS) switching technique has recently attracted considerable attention for
reducing power consumption in wireless networks. In this paper, we propose a novel BS …

Digital twin assisted risk-aware sleep mode management using deep Q-networks

M Masoudi, E Soroush, J Zander… - IEEE Transactions on …, 2022 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
Base stations (BSs) are the most energy-consuming segment of mobile networks. To reduce
the energy consumption of BSs, inactive components of BSs, with a certain …

An analytical energy performance evaluation methodology for 5G base stations

SKG Peesapati, M Olsson, M Masoudi… - … on wireless and …, 2021 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
The implementation of various base station (BS) energy saving (ES) features and the widely
varying network traffic demand makes it imperative to quantitatively evaluate the energy …

Q-learning based radio resource adaptation for improved energy performance of 5G base stations

SKG Peesapati, M Olsson, M Masoudi… - 2021 IEEE 32nd …, 2021 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
Radio resource adaptation (RRA) is an effective strategy to reduce the energy consumption
(EC) of a base station (BS) under variable input traffic demand. By combining RRA with …

Smarter base station sleeping for greener cellular networks

R Shinkuma, N Kishi, K Ota, M Dong, T Sato… - IEEE Network, 2021 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
One approach to achieving greener cellular networks is to power them with renewable
energy. When there is insufficient renewable energy, base stations (BSs) with lower …