It is generally assumed that Cretaceous stem ants were obligately eusocial, because of the
presence of wingless adult females, yet the available evidence is ambiguous. Here, we …

The radula, a chitinous membrane spiked with teeth, is the molluscan autapomorphy for the
gathering and processing of food. The teeth, as actual interfaces between the organism and …

Fossils provide unique opportunity to understand the tempo and mode of evolution and are
essential for modeling the history of lineage diversification. Here, we interrogate the …

The gastric mill of Decapoda is a unique feature, which comprises teeth, stabilizing ossicles,
and particle sorting setae. Involved in the fragmentation and sorting of the food, this structure …

Molluscs forage with their radula, a chitinous membrane with teeth. Adaptations to hard or
abrasive ingesta were well studied in Polyplacophora and Patellogastropoda, but for other …

The Mollusca comprises a diverse range of organisms, with the class Gastropoda alone
boasting approximately 80 000 extant species. Their adaptability across various habitats is …

The distal leg structures of Zoraptera are documented and discussed with respect to their
functional morphology and evolutionary aspects. We investigated eight species using …

 Abstract The genus Linepithema was erected by Mayr (1866) for his male-based species L.
fuscum. In this study a new species is described also based on male morphology, L …

The molluscan feeding structure is the radula, a chitinous membrane with teeth, which are
highly adapted to the food and the substrate to which the food is attached. In Polyplacophora …

Egg parasitoids play an important role in biological control of pest species attacking and
killing their hosts at an early stage of their development. During the antagonistic coevolution …